Magazine Articles
The articles below are from the Winter 2009 Issue of the AILU Magazine
Remote fibre laser welding as a comparative joining method for body in white applications

The application of remote fibre laser welding for the joining of automotive structures can now be seriously considered as an alternative to the traditional joining processes of resistance spot welding (steel) and self pierce riveting (aluminium). Work at the University of Warwick has been undertaken with key industrial partners to review remote laser welding against the current core processes and to evaluate its comparative performance.
Although the installation cost of a cell for remote laser welding is comparable to that for competing manufacturing processes (analysis not shown here) the inherent flexibility of the process brings significant savings in the reuse of equipment for follow on or concurrent production of parts.
Remote fibre laser welding has been found to produce joints of comparable quasi-static strength to those produced by existing joining processes.
With the reduced costs per Watt from higher power lasers more companies are looking at the benefits of remote welding systems.
The Remote Fibre Laser Welding Programme, funded by the UK Technology Strategy Board and based at the Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), has aimed to answer the challenges
of utilising this fast, flexible process, and to benchmark remote laser welding against existing turnkey systems suitable for OEM and 1st tier supplier implementation.
Richard Hewitt and Nic Blundell - University of Warwick
IMAGE: The facility at the University of Warwick supported by Prima Industrie, Comau, Stadco, Jaguar/Landrover and Corus. Courtesy - University of Warwick
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High-power Yb-fibre laser welding of heavy-section tube-to-tubesheet assemblies

Mangiarotti S.p.A. is a key player in a variety of sectors, including oil and gas. Tubeto-tubesheet welding forms a major part of their manufacturing operations and this is currently done using manual, orbital semi-automatic or fully automatic tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding.
TIG is an established process and is approved in various construction codes relevant to this application. To achieve the required joint geometry and mechanical performance, full-strength welds are typically produced by multipass TIG welding with filler wire addition. The welding time per tube can easily exceed one minute and a heat exchanger can comprise 5000 tubes or more. As a result, the total elding time is a large proportion of the total manufacturing
time and the total heat-input for TIG welding a complete tubesheet is typically of the order of 40MJ/m2, which may result in high levels of stresses and distortion of the assembly.
Initial results have demonstrated that good quality welds can be produced with cycle times between 2 and 10 times faster than currently achieved by the TIG process This saving is in welding time only; an additional saving is made in overcoming the need for the tubesheet preparation required for TIG welding. Furthermore, the heat input with laser welding was estimated to be only 10% of that of the TIG process, greatly reducing deformation of the tubesheet.
Davide Kleiner Research & Development Department of Mangiarotti S.p.A., Udine, Italy and Geert Verhaeghe - Laser and Sheet Processes Group at TWI Ltd, Cambridge, UK
IMAGE: FProcess head arrangement with vision system in position. The vision system and Precitec welding head are mounted on pneumatic slides and are toggled depending on whether the system is performing a centring or a welding operation. Courtesy Manguarotti S.p.A & TWI.
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